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Tag: sonnets

  • Image: SRF Meditation Gardens in Encinitas CA – Photo by Ron W. G.

    “Forget the Past”: A 10-Sonnet Sequence

    Forget the past. The vanished lives of all men are dark with many shames.  Human conduct is ever unreliable until man is anchored in the Divine.  Everything in future will improve if you are making a spiritual effort now.
    Swami Sri Yukteswar in Paramahansa Yogananda’s  Autobiography of a Yogi

    When one finds oneself harboring deep regrets for past behavior, thus stewing a pot of hot sorrow, regret, and remorse, Swami Sri Yukteswar’s words of truth about the human condition work like a soothing balm to calm to mind and cool the nerves.

    1  Forget the past—its darkness rattled in shame

    Forget the past—its darkness rattled in shame,
    Where myriad men have wavered, losing their way.
    The moves of minds, like cattle, are prone to stray,
    Not anchored to Truth, they lose their rightful name.
    In darkness through tales of time, no one can claim
    A clear path as night turns into day.
    But then the heart can choose a better way—
    Seeing Light, no daftness dare to cause blame.
    O venture forth! For present time is holy and clear,
    A door through which the saner world may rise.
    Each step with faith lightens the heft of fear,
    And heralds the soul to ever-brightening skies.
    Future bliss commences in present grace,
    As humankind with God all erring ways replace.

    2  Forget the past, where shadows veil the soul

    Forget the past, where shadows veil the soul,
    Where faded lives in shame and darkness dwell.
    Wavering human hearts are apt to fall,
    Drifting aimless till Divine Reality swells.
    The pressure of old flaws must not control,
    Grace redeems though mortal steps rebel.
    Future light is waiting, where hopes unroll,
    As each soul rises for in heaven to dwell.
    Now is the task: to pursue the holy flame,
    To labor with faith, to trust the Unseen Guide.
    Each striving creates a path to higher aim,
    Where peace, truth, and love in sacred light abide.
    So forsake all the ghosts of past blame,
    Allow your soul with the Father’s own will to reside.

    3  Forget the past: the shadowy, departed days

    Forget the past: the shadowy, departed days,
    Where legion lives hide obscured in silent shame.
    The efforts of humankind, unsettled as a flame
    That flickers, wavering inside a slate-gray haze.
    Hearts, untethered, waft on and on in unsure ways.
    Each life like a compass spinning, never fixed the same.
    Hope yet remains, calls hearts and minds to reclaim
    A stead-fast course, where loftier purpose stays.
    Only when the soul is fixed deep
    Within the sacred, ever-living Light
    Can human conduct rise above the changing sand.
    The future’s promise remains bright to keep,
    Born of striving made in spirit’s sight—
    A fresh beginning will allow the soul expand.

    4  Forget the past: Leave all that lies behind

    Forget the past: Leave all that lies behind,
    Shadows that cling, darkness understood,
    Vanished lives, a sad humankind—
    All lie veiled in ignominy, a dense brotherhood.
    Human steps on shifting sands take flight,
    And self-trust remains fragile, apt to fall,
    Until the soul rises to purer light,
    And harbors firm where grace embraces all.
    All all memory to remain and  be,
    To remember from past somber wisdom lend,
    A clear reminder of our vanity,
    And that upward striving brings our blissful end.
    Then the future will create a brighter scene,
    If the heart and mind on spiritual effort lean.

    5 Forget the past: disavow the shadows of  yesteryears

    Forget the past: disavow the shadows of  yesteryears,
    Where shame infuses the deeds of mortal men,
    Gain for the soul that searches, with bitter tears,
    The road to grace where light will shine again.
    Unsure is the heart, a wavering reed,
    Until bound fast to heaven’s endless love;
    Yet hope does bloom where faith’s true seed
    Is sown with care, blessed by the stars above.
    The future’s promise arrives for those who strive,
    With soul toiling to mend what once was torn;
    Each step toward God renders fleeting joys revive,
    And colors the dawn where new dreams are born.
    So fling aside the dark, enfold the fight,
    For in seeking God, all wrongs turn right.

    6 Forget the Past:  let not ghosts of dusk to remain

    Forget the Past:  let not ghosts of dusk to remain,
    Do not let regret douse the morning flame;
    The storms of time have hollowed out joy and pain,
    Yet the soul still exists beyond all name.
    The past is only a dream and stars forget,
    Like a cloud liquefying in dawn’s tranquil breath;
    What holds us now are ropes of karma yet—
    But even such bindings unravel before death.
    Unmoored, we become tossed in shifting tides,
    But one strong cord connects to what is true;
    In stillness where the cosmic whisper hides
    The soul will rise in light when we break through.
    Hie inward now—the veil of maya becomes thin:
    The truth we seek always waits within.

    7  Forget the past, steeped in shadowy shame

    Forget the past, steeped in shadowy shame,
    Where vanished lives dark with error dwell.
    The vagabond human heart, untethered, apt to fail,
    Unsure, unguided as the winds that shift and swell.
    Yet in Divine Reality, an anchor steadies the soul,
    A steady guide through tempests of the will.
    No act of humankind endures, no human skill,
    Unless by grace its source divine truth fulfill.
    Peer ahead now—allow spirit’s zeal to ignite,
    For every seed of effort sown in faith shall bloom.
    The future’s hope, secured from earlier gloom,
    Will surely rise as love and righteousness unite.
    So travel on, O soul, the path to seek the eternal flame,
    And secure in the Heavenly Father the will to overcome.

    8 Forget the past, where shadows veil the mind

    Forget the past, where shadows veil the mind,
    Where faded lives and shames still haunt the soul.
    Let the chains of memory be completely left behind.
    Only in present time exists the goal.
    The heart adrift is half-hearted, not whole.
    Human deeds waver and are swept by tide.
    Only in Divine Reality does one know control—
    A reliable harbor where our hopes reside.
    If now, with genuine spirit, we confide
    In heavenly aims and search for the inward light,
    The future’s path will remain open, clear and wide,
    And every day grow brighter than the stars of night.
    So move forward, allowing the soul’s true course be steered:
    In today’s effort, all strife and darkness are cleared.

    9 Forget the past: sadness and errors live there

    Forget the past: sadness and errors live there
    Where folks too often amble blindly.
    Do not allow regret to dominate your thinking—
    Concentrate instead on the eternal Light of Truth.
    Human behavior, without God’s guidance,
    Is as unstable as a tumbleweed blown by the wind.
    Without the Divine Reality, we forget our way,
    Each decision pulls us further into confusion.
    But the eternal Now remains the  moment to grow:
    Walk with purpose along the path to Blessèd Spirit.
    This very moment holds the seed of joy,
    If you choose to walk with Divine Mother now.
    Through the Grand Reality, your past becomes clear—
    And your future turns bright and filled with hope.

    10  Forget the past: filled with shadows, shames, and scars

    Forget the past: filled with shadows, shames, and scars
    It remains heavy, dark, dampening our lives.
    Unmoored hearts shift about aimless, lost in storms,
    Our conduct noise-tossed like the restless wind.
    The spent lives remind us that we fall,
    How fragile seems the thread that clasps us tight.
    But also, this moment keeps a different weight—
    A chance to enter ourselves into something vast.
    Let go of the burden of all reckless ways,
    And turn toward the One Who steadies and sustains.
    The future bends beneath a stalwart hand,
    As effort moves us to spirit deep within.
    Each breath leads the mind and heart toward light and hope,
    To a life reborn and anchored in the Divine Reality.

  • Elizabeth Barrett Browning

    Image:  Elizabeth Barrett Browning – NPG, London

    Brief Life Sketch of Elizabeth Barrett Browning and Introduction to Sonnets from the Portuguese

    Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s classic work Sonnets from the Portuguese is the poet’s most anthologized and widely published work, studied by students in secondary schools, colleges, and universities and appreciated by the general poetry lover.

    Two Poets in Love

    Robert Browning, while wooing Elizabeth Barrett, referred to his sweetheart lovingly by the nickname he had given her: “my little Portuguese” [1].  He chose that nickname for her because of her dark complexion.  Elizabeth Barrett then quite consequentially titled her sonnet sequence Sonnets from the Portuguese.

    Since its publication, Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Sonnets from the Portuguese has become a beloved, often anthologized, and widely studied sonnet sequence. With this 44-sonnet sequence, Barrett Browning puts on display her mastery of the Petrarchan (Italian) sonnet form.  

    Throughout the sequence, Barrett Browning creates a speaker who develops the theme of the romantic relationship between Elizabeth Barrett and fellow poet, Robert Browning, the man whom she will ultimately marry. 

    As their relationship begins, the speaker is continually beset with deep doubts.  She has little confidence that she can keep the affection of such an accomplished, world-renowned poet as Robert Browning [2].

    The speaker, therefore, continues to dramatize her deep skepticism that the relationship will withstand their differences.  The speaker is continually musing on her insecure nature and doubts as she even magnifies them.  Her exploration and examination of her situation causes her much consternation. Likely, the poet’s prior experience with love relationships influences her hesitancy in engaging in a relationship with Robert Browning:

    Much of E.B.B.’s hesitation came from knowing that love can bring injury as well as boon. She had suffered such injury. With great pain did she finally recognise that her father’s strangely heartless affection would have buried her sickroom, for how else could she interpret his squelching of her plan to travel south for health in 1846, when doctors practically ordered the journey to Italy as a last hope? E.B.B. had had previous experience of one-sided affection, as we see in her diary of 1831-3, which concerns her relationship with the Greek scholar H.S. Boyd. For a year her entries calculate the bitter difference between his regard and her own, and she wonders if she can ever hope for reciprocation. In fact she finds her womanly capacity for feeling a liability and wishes she could feel less — “I am not of a cold nature, & cannot bear to be treated coldly. When cold water is thrown upon a hot iron, the iron hisses. I wish that water wd. make that iron as cold as self.”  [3]

    Elizabeth Barrett’s poor health is often emphasized in the many biographies of the poet.   Few biographers have offered any speculations regarding the origin of the poet’s illness; nor have they attempted to name the disease from which the poet suffered.

    However, Anne Buchanan, who is a research assistant in anthropology, has suggested that  Elizabeth Barrett suffered from hypokalemic periodic paralysis (HKPP), a muscle disorder [4].  Buchanan’s daughter suffers from that same disease, which “causes blood levels of potassium to fall because potassium becomes trapped in muscle cells.”  

    Buchanan and her daughter Ellen Buchanan Weiss observed that the descriptions of Barrett Browning’s malady resembled closely those of the daughter.  The Buchanans have thus suggested that a cold, moist climate often intensifies the pain associated with HKPP.

    Throughout Barrett Browning’s lifetime, London’s cold, damp climate had exacerbated the poet’s health problems, and whatever the title of the disease, escaping the London’s weather was a Godsend to her. 

    Thus, her marriage to  Robert Browning enhanced her health as well as her mental state because the coupled relocated to Italy, where they enjoyed the warm climate, which was amenable to Elizabeth’s health.

    Because of Robert Browning, Elizabeth Barrett not only enjoyed a soulmate to love her, but she also found one who would protect her health and allow her live her remaining years more comfortably and productively.

    The Petrarchan (Italian) Sonnet Form

    The Petrarchan sonnet is named after the 14 century Italian poet, Francesco Petrarch [5].  It is also known as the Italian sonnet.  The Petrarchan/Italian sonnet displays an eight-line octave and a six-line sestet. The octave contains two quatrains (four lines each), and the sestet contains two tercets (three lines each). The traditional rime scheme of the Petrarchan/Italian sonnet is ABBAABBA in the octave and CDCDCD in the sestet.

    Poets, however, often display a variation on the sestet rime scheme, transforming it from CDCDCD to CDECDE.  Many other poets vary the octave as well as create other schemes for the sestet. But Barrett Browning never varies the rime scheme; she retains the traditional rime scheme ABBAABBACDCDCD throughout the entire 44-sonnet sequence.  

    Following such a tight, restricted form that the poet chose to follow as she composed 44 sonnets magnifies her skill and her mastery of that sonnet form. The poet’s choice of the Petrarchan sonnet also reveals her deep affinity for the original Petrarchan theme, as she muses upon the relationship between herself and her belovèd as well as the relationship between the Divine Creator-Father and His human children.

    According to Robert Stanley Martin, Petrarch “reimagined the conventions of love poetry in the most profound way: love for the idealized lady was the path towards learning how to properly love God . . .”:

    [Petrarch’s] poems investigate the connection between love and chastity in the foreground of a political landscape, though many of them are also driven by emotion and sentimentality.  Critic Robert Stanley Martin writes that Petrarch “reimagined the conventions of love poetry in the most profound way: love for the idealized lady was the path towards learning how to properly love God . . . .” [6]

    Each sonnet in this sequence is displayed in only one stanza with its octave and sestet. However, engaging the sonnet’s quatrains and sestets separately allows the commentarian a clearer focus in concentrating on each line unit. 

    Image: Two Poets in Love

    A Legacy of Love

    Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s sonnet sequence offered the poet a remarkably open field as well as the imaginative opportunity for discovery of her true feelings.   The poet’s life had become steeped in melancholy, as a result of her poor health and her family’s inability to understand and appreciate her abilities and sensibilities.  Especially problematic was her difficult relationship with her father.

    As the poet through her speaker navigates through the sonnet sequence, she demonstrates a change of mood. The speaker of the sequence grows from an individual holding the desperate thought that only death would remain her consort to one who could finally experience joy.

    After her doubts that she and such a man of the world as Robert Browning could have a true relationship are finally removed, she finds life to be very different from what she has earlier experienced.

    The confident, sophisticated Robert Browning brought Miss Barrett a happiness that genuinely gave her life meaning. The two poets’ relationship had to struggle against a host of trials and tribulations, but their love story results in one that remains one for the ages. The world is more acquainted with these two lover-poets than it would have otherwise been without their loving relationship:

    In addition to being celebrated for their literary talents, Elizabeth and Robert are remembered as people who were deeply in love. As Sir Frederic Kenyon wrote, Elizabeth and Robert “gave the most beautiful example of [love] in their own lives.” The marriage of Elizabeth Barrett Browning and Robert Browning required courage and sacrifice, and they were willing to do whatever it took to build a beautiful life together.  [7]

    Barrett Browning’s 44-sonnets sequence recounts the journey of a poet who begins with many doubts. But she examines and muses upon the origins of those doubts and then finally blossoms into a joyous, creative individual after she accepts and engages with the love that Robert Browning had so generously and genuinely offered her.  The story of the love relationship between these two poets has a become one of most inspirational stories in the literary world—or, for that matter, in any world.

    Sources

    [1]  Jennifer Kingma Wall. “Love and Marriage: How Biographical Interpretation affected the Reception of Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s ‘Sonnets from the Portuguese’The Victorian Web.  Last modified May 4, 2005.

    [2] Editors.  “Robert Browning.”  Poetry Foundation.  Accessed March 2, 2023.

    [3]  Kathleen Blake. “The Relationship of Elizabeth Barrett Browning and Robert Browning.” The Victorian Web.  1991.

    [4] Editors.  “Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Illness Deciphered after 150 Years.”  American Association for the Advancement of Science. December 19, 2011.

    [5] Editors.  “Petrarch.”  Academy of American Poets.  Accessed March 2, 2023.

    [6] Editors.  “Petrarch.”  Poetry Foundation.  Accessed June 29, 2021.

    [7]  Taylor Jasmine. “The Literary Love Story of Elizabeth Barrett and Robert Browning.”  Literary Ladies Guide.  November 1, 2020.

    Image: Elizabeth Barrett and Robert Browning

    Commentaries on Sonnets from the Portuguese

    1. Sonnet 1 “I thought once how Theocritus had sung”  The first sonnet in Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s “Sonnets from the Portuguese” features a speaker who is expressing the futility of concentrating on death and the melancholy such musing too often may create.
    2. Sonnet 2 “But only three in all God’s universe”  The second sonnet from Sonnets from the Portuguese reports that her relationship with her life-mate is granted by God, and thus, it cannot be broken or disavowed.  
    3. Sonnet 3 “Unlike are we, unlike, O princely Heart!”  The speaker in Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s sonnet 3 muses on how unlikely it seems that a plain individual such as herself would begin a relationship with a person who has attracted royalty.