Linda's Literary Home

Author: Linda Sue Grimes

  • Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Sonnet 42 “‘My future will not copy fair my past’”

    Image: Elizabeth Barrett Browning and Robert Browning – Global Love Museum

    Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Sonnet 42 “‘My future will not copy fair my past’”

    Musing and reflecting over some old pieces of her writing, the speaker in Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s sonnet 42 “‘My future will not copy fair my past’” compares her thoughts from the past to her present state of mind.

    Introduction and Text of Sonnet 42 “‘My future will not copy fair my past‘”

    In Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s sonnet 42 “‘My future will not copy fair my past’,” the speaker has been reading an earlier piece of writing that displays her state of mind back before she had the good fortune to meet her belovèd suitor.   She reveals how extremely hopeless she had been regarding her future. Her heavenly muse had warned her to always take care and seems to agree with her assessment.

    The speaker’s life trajectory, however, has since taken an happy turn. The speaker now has passed much time musing about her good fortune.  In the earlier 41 sonnets, she has often shown her contemplation trying to determine if she, in face, is deserving of the love that has come to her from such a brilliant man of accomplishment.  

    She has often been found musing and reflecting over her new situation. In sonnet 42, she has come up on some old pieces that she earlier had written.  Thus, she begins to compare and contrast her thoughts from yesteryear to her present state of mind.

    Sonnet 42 “‘My future will not copy fair my past‘”

    My future will not copy fair my past“—
    I wrote that once; and thinking at my side
    My ministering life-angel justified
    The word by his appealing look upcast
    To the white throne of God, I turned at last,
    And there, instead, saw thee, not unallied
    To angels in thy soul! Then I, long tried
    By natural ills, received the comfort fast,
    While budding, at thy sight, my pilgrim’s staff
    Gave out green leaves with morning dews impearled.
    I seek no copy now of life’s first half:
    Leave here the pages with long musing curled,
    And write me new my future’s epigraph,
    New angel mine, unhoped for in the world!

    Commentary  on Sonnet 42 “‘My future will not copy fair my past‘”

    The speaker is musing and reflecting over some old pieces of writing; she is comparing her thoughts of the past to her present state of mind.

    First Quatrain:  Then and Now

    My future will not copy fair my past“—
    I wrote that once; and thinking at my side
    My ministering life-angel justified
    The word by his appealing look upcast

    The speaker is musing over a copy of some notes or pieces of memoir that she had written sometime in her past long before she met her belovèd.  At the time she wrote this line, “My future will not copy fair my past,” she believed it was true because her muse which she calls her “ministering life-angel” approved the words by glancing upward. This glance seemed to be a signal that the thought came directly from God.

    Second Quatrain:  Looking to God

    To the white throne of God, I turned at last,
    And there, instead, saw thee, not unallied
    To angels in thy soul! Then I, long tried
    By natural ills, received the comfort fast,

    Later, the speaker looked directly to God, instead of through her muse/angel. She then saw her belovèd who was clearly bound to “angels in [his] soul.”  The speaker’s long journey from suffering and pain had finally led her to a veritable fountain of healing.

    The comforting balm of the speaker’s belovèd quickly revived her spirit, though it took her mind much contemplation and even agitation to understand and finally accept what she had been given by him.

    First Tercet:  Beginning to Live

    While budding, at thy sight, my pilgrim’s staff
    Gave out green leaves with morning dews impearled.
    I seek no copy now of life’s first half:

    During the journey, the speaker’s “pilgrim’s staff / Gave out green leaves with morning dews impearled.”  A youthful freshness revived the speaker’s thinking and inspired her so fully that she finally felt she was beginning to live.

    After at last realizing the beauty and majesty of this man’s feelings for her, the speaker now understands that the second half of her life will be very different from the first half, and she is very grateful for this fortunate change in her situation.  Because of her good fortune, the speaker “seek[s] no copy now of life’s first half.” The pain of the past has been erased, and the future portends brightness and happiness.

    Second Tercet:  The Courage to Hope

    Leave here the pages with long musing curled,
    And write me new my future’s epigraph,
    New angel mine, unhoped for in the world!

    Regarding the “pages with long musing,” the speaker wishes to allow them to yellow and age and remain unremarkable. She can “write [herself] new [her] future’s epigraph.” The speaker credits her belovèd whom she calls, “New angel mine,” with her transformation, as she admits that she had not even had the courage to hope for such a love “in the world.”

  • A Memory of a Mind

    Image: Created by Grok inspired by the poem

    A Memory of a Mind

    for a respected professor

    My heat runs near my heart
    Gathering blooms like daylilies
    In the staunch atmosphere of breath.
    Somewhere a mockingbird is plying
    His abundant score of tunes.
    I listen, an ocean far away washes in.

    My childish wisdom plays dark tones
    Where no one bothers to intrude.
    I have created my shelter with roses
    & sweet notions that cling to my ears.
    Summer strives with more sunshine
    Than evil dares to counter.

    My thoughts flow down river
    Swaying like tulips in a spring breeze.
    You offered me balm from the blight
    Of crooked logic that streams from ignorance.
    Coiffed rhetoric pours acid on tumors
    Growing in idle, pampered brains.

    You played your role imperfectly,
    But I benefited from the jazzed up wisdom
    Slipping out from your tangled sentences.
    Now that you cohabit with a confuddled communist,
    Her codswallop will stunt your mental growth—
    Still your mind will one day bask in freedom.

    A Prose Commentary on My Original Poem “A Memory of a Mind”

    In my poem “A Memory of a Mind,” I fashion a speaker who reflects upon intellectual formation, gratitude, disillusionment, and the fragile persistence of independent thought. The poem operates as both tribute and critique, addressed to a once-respected mentor whose influence remains formative, though not untroubled. 

    I rely on organic and musical imagery—flowers, rivers, birdsong, jazz—to explore the shaping of consciousness, while also introducing harsher, almost corrosive metaphors to examine the distortions of thought imposed by ideology and careless reasoning.

    The speaker’s voice is at once reflective and evaluative, moving between reverence and judgment. As in an earlier poem “Downstream,” I favor a density of figurative language that merges the sensory with the intellectual: breath becomes atmosphere, thought becomes landscape, and rhetoric becomes a physical toxin. 

    The philosophical undercurrent remains concerned with the tension between clarity and confusion, wisdom and corruption, freedom and constraint—an interior drama enacted within the evolving mind.

    As I usually do in my poems and other creative works, I remain aware of the pairs of opposites, discussed and explained by my blessed Guru, Paramahansa Yogananda.  The tension between those pairs is always operative on this mud ball of planet, and my speakers are steeped in that realization.

    First Stanza: Awakening Sensibility and the Music of Distance

    The opening stanza situates the speaker in a state of heightened inward awareness. “My heat runs near my heart” suggests both vitality and emotional immediacy, while the blooming “daylilies” evoke transient beauty—fleeting but recurrent. The “staunch atmosphere of breath” implies a disciplined, almost meditative interiority, where even respiration becomes deliberate and meaningful.

    The introduction of the mockingbird, “plying / His abundant score of tunes,” extends the poem into the auditory realm. This figure embodies both natural creativity and excess—an improvisational intelligence that parallels the workings of the mind. 

    Yet the speaker does not fully inhabit this immediacy; instead, “an ocean far away washes in.” This distance signals a dual consciousness: one part present and attentive, another removed, reflective, and expansive.

    Thus the stanza establishes the central dynamic of the poem: the mind as both participant in and observer of experience, capable of intimacy yet inclined toward detachment.

    Second Stanza: The Construction of Inner Refuge

    In the second stanza, the speaker turns inward more deliberately, recalling a “childish wisdom” that “plays dark tones / Where no one bothers to intrude.” This phrase captures an early intellectual solitude—an imaginative space untested by external critique but rich with private meaning. The darkness here is not wholly negative; it suggests depth, secrecy, and the unrefined beginnings of thought.

    The “shelter with roses & sweet notions” represents a self-fashioned sanctuary, built from aesthetic pleasure and comforting ideas. Yet there is an implicit fragility in such construction: roses, while beautiful, are perishable, and “sweet notions” may lack rigor. 

    The stanza’s closing lines—“Summer strives with more sunshine / Than evil dares to counter”—introduce a provisional optimism, where light appears to dominate darkness. Still, the phrasing (“strives”) hints that this balance is not guaranteed; it must be maintained against encroaching forces.

    Here, I am acknowledging the formative illusions of youth: necessary, perhaps, but ultimately insufficient when confronted with more complex realities.  A corrupted adulthood often confounds the complexities that later snap and struggle in the confusion of time as it relates to space.

    Third Stanza: Intellectual Guidance and the Critique of Corruption

    The third stanza marks a turning point, introducing the addressed figure more directly. The speaker’s thoughts “flow down river,” suggesting maturation—movement shaped by gravity and terrain rather than mere whim. The comparison to “tulips in a spring breeze” retains a softness, but now this motion is guided.

    “You offered me balm from the blight / Of crooked logic that streams from ignorance” positions the mentor as a corrective force. The metaphor of “balm” implies healing, while “blight” evokes disease spreading through faulty reasoning. At this stage, the professor represents clarity, a defense against intellectual decay and kuuntzian* buffoonery .

    However, the stanza quickly darkens: “Coiffed rhetoric pours acid on tumors / Growing in idle, pampered brains.” The imagery becomes aggressive and surgical.

    “Coiffed rhetoric” suggests language that is polished but superficial, while the “acid” both destroys and reveals. The “tumors” symbolize entrenched ignorance, particularly in minds that are “idle” and “pampered”—unused to discipline or challenge.

    This stanza thus captures a dual process: the possibility of intellectual healing through guidance, and the simultaneous presence of corrosive discourse that threatens genuine understanding.

    Fourth Stanza: Imperfect Influence and the Persistence of Hope

    In the final stanza, the speaker adopts a more measured, retrospective tone. “You played your role imperfectly” acknowledges the mentor’s limitations, rejecting any idealization. Yet this imperfection does not negate value: “I benefited from the jazzed up wisdom / Slipping out from your tangled sentences.”

    The metaphor of jazz is crucial here—improvised, irregular, sometimes chaotic, yet capable of producing unexpected insight. Wisdom emerges not from pristine clarity but from complexity, even confusion.

    The poem then introduces a note of critique bordering on satire: “Now that you cohabit with a confuddled communist, / Her codswallop will stunt your mental growth.” The language is deliberately sharp, even colloquial, signaling the speaker’s frustration with what is perceived as ideological distortion. The shift in tone underscores a loss—not only of the mentor’s intellectual independence but of the clarity once admired.

    Yet the poem does not conclude in bitterness. “Still your mind will one day bask in freedom” restores a measure of hope. The speaker ultimately affirms the possibility of intellectual liberation, even after error or misalignment. 

    This closing gesture aligns with the broader philosophical stance evident throughout the poem: that the mind, though vulnerable to confusion and influence, retains an inherent capacity for renewal and clarity.

    A Closing Reflection

    In “A Memory of a Mind,” I attempt to trace the evolution of consciousness as it moves from youthful inwardness, through formative mentorship, into a more critical and autonomous stance. The poem resists both naïve reverence and outright condemnation; instead, it holds both gratitude and disappointment in tension.

    The central belief underlying this work is that intellectual and spiritual growth are inseparable from conflict—between clarity and confusion, influence and independence, admiration and discernment. The mind, like a river or a piece of music, is never static. It is shaped by forces both internal and external, yet it retains the capacity to reorient itself toward truth.

    In this sense, the poem affirms a disciplined optimism: that even amid imperfect guidance and ideological distortion, the individual consciousness can, with effort and discernment, return to a state of freedom.

    *kuuntzian:  a perennially flawed, shadowy, malevolent mindset (I coined this term prompted by the pathetic machinations of a Ball State University professor, whom I hope to save from embarrassment by not spelling out his name)

  • Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Sonnet 41 “I thank all who have loved me in their hearts”

    Image: Robert Browning visits Elizabeth Barrett at 50 Wimpole Street – painting by Celestial Images

    Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Sonnet 41 “I thank all who have loved me in their hearts”

    The speaker in Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s sonnet 41 “I thank all who have loved me in their hearts” is expressing her gratitude for all those who have loved her-including, of course, a special debt to her belovèd suitor.

    Introduction and Text of Sonnet 41 “I thank all who have loved me in their hearts”

    The speaker in Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s sonnet 41 “I thank all who have loved me in their hearts” from Sonnets from the Portuguese focuses on gratitude for all who have loved her, while hoping that she will be able to express the extent of her gratitude to her belovèd.  Again, however, this speaker imparts her own short-comings.  She will never be able to act with total confidence in her ability, or so it seems at his point.

    While expressing a special debt to her belovèd suitor, the speaker explores her ability to experience gratitude for all the loves she has known in the past.  Yet, the speaker again places her trust in her belovèd’s ability to teach her true gratitude.  She continues to rely on her suitor to offer her direction in how to feel as well as how to behave.

    Sonnet 41 “I thank all who have loved me in their hearts”

    I thank all who have loved me in their hearts,
    With thanks and love from mine. Deep thanks to all
    Who paused a little near the prison-wall
    To hear my music in its louder parts
    Ere they went onward, each one to the mart’s
    Or temple’s occupation, beyond call.
    But thou, who, in my voice’s sink and fall
    When the sob took it, thy divinest Art’s
    Own instrument didst drop down at thy foot
    To hearken what I said between my tears, …
    Instruct me how to thank thee! Oh, to shoot
    My soul’s full meaning into future years,
    That they should lend it utterance, and salute
    Love that endures, from Life that disappears!

    Commentary on Sonnet 41 “I thank all who have loved me in their hearts”

    In sonnet 41 “I thank all who have loved me in their hearts,” Barrett Browning’s speaker reveals how deep is her gratitude for all those in her life who have loved her.  She has a special expression for her belovèd suitor.

    First Quatrain:  An Expression of Gratitude

    I thank all who have loved me in their hearts,
    With thanks and love from mine. Deep thanks to all
    Who paused a little near the prison-wall
    To hear my music in its louder parts

    The speaker begins with a simple statement to thank all the people she has had surrounding her who have actually loved her deeply. She then offers her own heart’s love in return. Continuing, she reveals her gratitude as “deep thanks” to all those who have paid some attention to her, especially when they listened to her complaints.

    Then, the speaker metaphorically characterizes her tantrumesque outbursts as “music” with “louder parts.”  The speaker nearly always demands decorum for herself that will not allow her to demonize herself even as she freely admits error and sorrowful dissatisfaction.  The pain and sorrow in the speaker’s life has moved her to expressions, as heretofore love never had done.

    Second Quatrain:   A Different Expression of Love

    Ere they went onward, each one to the mart’s
    Or temple’s occupation, beyond call.
    But thou, who, in my voice’s sink and fall
    When the sob took it, thy divinest Art’s

    All the others who had paid the speaker attention, however, were otherwise engaged; some had to scurry off to shopping, others to church, and they all remained far from her. She could not reach them, if she even had needed them.

    Of course, her belovèd fiancé not only is near and able to listening to her pleasant thoughts, but he also lovingly remains to listen to her sorrowful outbursts.   The speaker’s belovèd suitor would cease his own musing to listen to her, and she now feels ready to voice her complete attention to his love, patience and devotion.

    First Tercet:  His Art Divine 

    Own instrument didst drop down at thy foot
    To hearken what I said between my tears, …
    Instruct me how to thank thee! Oh, to shoot

    The speaker is grateful that her belovèd suitor would even interrupt his own work of “divinest Art’s” to attend to her needs and “hearken what I said between my tears.” But in offering such gratitude, the speaker implies that she actually does not know how to thank him for such devotion.

    Thus the speaker demands of him to teach her all he knows about the profound state of gratitude.  She feels she lacks the words to convey such gratitude; her need is so great, and her gratitude seems so paltry to fulfill the debt that she owes this man.

    Second Tercet:   Evidence of Thankfulness

    My soul’s full meaning into future years,
    That they should lend it utterance, and salute
    Love that endures, from Life that disappears!

    The speaker then projects a deep desire that her soul can reveal sometime in future just how grateful she is to her belovèd. She hopes that she can fill her “future years” with evidence of her thankfulness.

    The humble speaker prays that her very being will be able to “salute / Love that endures, from Life that disappears!”  Even though the living are in a state of gradual dying, the speaker prays that the love which she has received will somehow be returned along with the sincere gratitude she now feels.

  • Downstream

    Image: Created by Grok inspired by the poem

    Downstream

    for a belovèd Professor

    Maybe I crept too near my own heat
    Burned my own logic into everyday issues
    But when I looked for your face
    I looked for what every child needs
    From a mother, and from God.
    And you smiled when I offered my childish wisdom
    On matters that were already folded
    And neatly tucked away in the bureau of your mind.

    Once there was a time I thought
    I lost a friend of great value.
    But Paper Mill Bridge
    From which I watched summer canoe downstream
    And fall send ships of leaves downstream
    And winter float chunks of ice downstream
    Taught me, as you teach me now,
    That the flow is downstream—
    Thought, friend, value—all flowing downstream.
    All things, all time, downstream
    Until we all empty into the open ocean
    Until we all flow empty into the mind of God.

    Image: Original photo by Linda Sue Grimes, text added by Grok

    A Prose Commentary on My Poem “Downstream”

    In my poem “Downstream,” I create a speaker who is musing with measured candor on attachment, misperception, and the gradual acceptance of spiritual humility. The controlling metaphor of the poem is the downstream current.

    That important metaphor reflects steadiness, indifference, as well as ultimate unity, through which all human experience, whether intellectual, emotional, or relational, is carried toward unification with a larger, Divine Consciousness. 

    The tone remains restrained, even when approaching confession, and the language is deliberately plainspoken, allowing the philosophical weight to emerge through image rather than ornament.

    At its core, the poem concerns a misalignment of expectation: the speaker’s attempt to locate in another person—specifically, a “belovèd Professor”—a form of nurture or transcendence that properly belongs elsewhere. What emerges is not bitterness but correction, and ultimately, a subdued gratitude.

    First Movement: Projection, Heat, and Misplaced Longing

    In the opening lines, the speaker begins with self-suspicion: “Maybe I crept too near my own heat.” Her “heat” suggests both intellectual intensity and emotional overinvestment. The speaker recognizes that in pressing too closely to her own convictions—her “logic”—she has distorted their proper application, “burning” them into domains where they do not belong, namely “everyday issues.”

    The poem then shifts into a quiet admission of need. When the speaker “looked for your face,” she was not merely seeking intellectual guidance, but something more primal: “what every child needs / From a mother, and from God.” 

    The pairing here is deliberate and revealing. The professor becomes, in the speaker’s perception, a composite figure of paternal authority and divine presence—an impossible fusion that guarantees disappointment, not because the professor fails, but because the expectation itself is miscast.

    Yet the professor’s response is neither rejection nor indulgence. His smile, directed at the speaker’s “childish wisdom,” carries a measured patience. He recognizes both the sincerity and the immaturity of the offering. 

    His mind, described as a “bureau” where matters are already “folded / And neatly tucked away,” suggests order, experience, and containment. In contrast, the speaker’s thought remains provisional—still forming, still seeking validation.  

    The first movement, then, is not accusatory but diagnostic. The speaker identifies her own error: she has confused intellectual admiration with existential dependence.  But she, no doubt, intends to correct her misbegotten mistake.

    Second Movement: The Bridge and the Instruction of Time

    The poem’s second stanza introduces the central image: “Paper Mill Bridge.” The location functions as both a literal and symbolic vantage point. From this fixed position, the speaker observes the continuity of change across seasons—summer canoes, autumn leaves, winter ice—all moving “downstream.”

    The repetition of this motion across temporal variations establishes a principle: while forms differ, the direction remains constant. The downstream flow becomes a visual analogue for time itself, as well as for the procession of human attachments and valuations.

    Initially, the speaker frames her insight through personal loss: “Once there was a time I thought / I lost a friend of great value.” The phrasing is precise—“I thought”—because it signals revision. What was once experienced as loss is now understood as transition within a larger movement. 

    The bridge, and by extension the professor, “taught” the speaker that nothing is truly lost in isolation; rather, all things participate in a continuous passage beyond possession.

    The professor’s role here is restrained but decisive. He does not impose doctrine; instead, he stands as a figure whose presence aligns with the observable order of things. “As you teach me now” suggests that her instruction is ongoing and perhaps indirect, mediated through the speaker’s own disciplined observation.

    Third Movement: Universal Flow and Spiritual Resolution

    In the final lines, the metaphor expands from the personal to the universal. The downstream motion comes to include “Thought, friend, value—all flowing downstream.” The accumulation is deliberate: intellectual constructs, emotional bonds, and systems of worth are all subjected to the same current.

    The progression culminates in a metaphysical conclusion: all things “empty into the open ocean,” and further, “into the mind of God.” The ocean serves as an intermediary image—vast, undifferentiated, absorptive—before the final identification with Divine Consciousness.

    Importantly, the speaker does not present her realization of this natural act as a dramatic revelation but as a quiet acceptance. The repetition of “all” underscores inevitability rather than triumph. 

    Even the phrase “flow empty” carries a dual implication: it suggests both depletion (a relinquishing of individual claim) and purification (a release from the strain of attachment and misvaluation).

    An After-Thought: From Projection to Right Relation

    What the poem ultimately records is a movement from projection to right relation. The speaker begins by seeking to locate absolute meaning—parental, divine, and intellectual—in a single human figure. 

    She ends by recognizing that meaning is not contained within any one person but disclosed through process, time, and disciplined perception.  She also comes to understand that all such action is divinely guided.

    The downstream current becomes both corrective and stabilizing. It denies permanence but affirms continuity; it dissolves possession while preserving participation in a larger whole.

    The professor, in the speaker’s revised understanding, is neither diminished nor idealized. He is clarified. No longer burdened with symbolic excess, he remains what he is: a learned, composed presence whose distance and restraint allow the speaker to reorient herself toward a more valuable understanding of reality.

    The poem’s restraint is essential to its effect. I have tried to avoid dramatization in favor of steady articulation. The central insight—that all things move downstream—carries the full weight of the poem’s philosophical claim without rhetorical excess.

  • Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Sonnet 40 “Oh, yes! they love through all this world of ours!”

    Image: Elizabeth Barrett Browning – NPG, London

    Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Sonnet 40 “Oh, yes! they love through all this world of ours!”

    In sonnet 40 “Oh, yes! they love through all this world of ours!,” the speaker is  musing on love as a universal phenomenon and stressing her appreciation for the patient love of her belovèd suitor.

    Introduction and Text of Sonnet 40 “Oh, yes! they love through all this world of ours!”

    In Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s sonnet 40 “Oh, yes! they love through all this world of ours!” from Sonnets from the Portuguese, the speaker has discovered that her belovèd offers her the love that she finds most satisfying.

    This special love demonstrates that it is unlike so many love behaviors and attitudes that have prevailed over the centuries all over the world.  Thus the speaker is musing on love as a general, universal phenomenon.  She then emphasizes her appreciation for the patient love of her belovèd suitor.

    Sonnet 40 “Oh, yes! they love through all this world of ours!”

    Oh, yes! they love through all this world of ours!
    I will not gainsay love, called love forsooth.
    I have heard love talked in my early youth,
    And since, not so long back but that the flowers
    Then gathered, smell still. Mussulmans and Giaours Throw kerchiefs at a smile, and have no ruth
    For any weeping. Polypheme’s white tooth
    Slips on the nut if, after frequent showers,
    The shell is over-smooth,—and not so much
    Will turn the thing called love, aside to hate,
    Or else to oblivion. But thou art not such
    A lover, my Belovèd! thou canst wait
    Through sorrow and sickness, to bring souls to touch,
    And think it soon when others cry “Too late.”

    Commentary on Sonnet 40 “Oh, yes! they love through all this world of ours!”

    The speaker is musing on love as a universal phenomenon and then places a special emphasis on her appreciation for the patient love she is experiencing from her belovèd suitor.

    First Quatrain:  An Excited Outburst

    Oh, yes! they love through all this world of ours!
    I will not gainsay love, called love forsooth.
    I have heard love talked in my early youth,
    And since, not so long back but that the flowers

    The speaker begins with an outburst, “Oh, yes!” She then reports that people love all over the world.   The musing speaker then claims that she will not speak ill of the concept of love, especially when the term is used correctly to mean love and not merely lust or sex.

    The speaker then states that she remembers hearing people talk about love when she still a young girl, and even recently, she has also heard the word bandied about along with the gifts of flowers.   Yet, this speaker is painfully aware that at times that professed love has lasted only as long as the scent of the flowers.

    Second Quatrain:  Different Ideologies on Love

    Then gathered, smell still. Mussulmans and Giaours Throw kerchiefs at a smile, and have no ruth
    For any weeping. Polypheme’s white tooth
    Slips on the nut if, after frequent showers

    Differing ideologies perceive love through varying lenses from the devout exemplified by the “Mussulmans” to the “Giaours” or other faiths considered infidels to the “Mussulmans.”   Each group has its own way of professing and conducting its behavior based on their respective beliefs.

    Fanatics will continue in their fanaticism regardless of the evidence. Once smitten by love some folks will not let go of the object it deems worth its attention.   From classical mythology, the character Polypheme, who was obsessed with Galatea, offers an additional example of the varieties of behaviors motivated by love.

    First Tercet:  Drawing a Contrast

    The shell is over-smooth,—and not so much
    Will turn the thing called love, aside to hate,
    Or else to oblivion. But thou art not such

    Nothing can turn these various lovers from their own folly. The speaker is especially interested in drawing a complete contrast between her lover and those others, whose obsessive and compulsive behaviors are never welcome in the name of love.  By comparing and contrasting the varied love stories through history, the speaker can demonstrate the quiet, gentle nature of her own belovèd inamorato.

    Second Tercet:  Dramatizing a Favored Quality

    A lover, my Belovèd! thou canst wait
    Through sorrow and sickness, to bring souls to touch,
    And think it soon when others cry “Too late.”

    In the final analysis, the speaker dramatizes the best quality of her own belovèd fiancé.   This confident speaker can now assert that, ” . . . thou art not such // A lover, my Belovèd!” He is not one of those who dwell on superficial qualities.  

    This speaker’s suitor practices patience; thus he can “wait / Through sorrow and sickness.”  More importantly, this speaker’s belovèd suitor is capable of looking to the soul to forge his adventure in love, “to bring souls to touch.” 

    The speaker always reveals that she is more interested in the spiritual level of love than in the physical and mental.  This deep-thinking and creative speaker has realized that her belovèd suitor’s thinking is so different from those who seek the petty over the profound.   

    This speaker is pleased to stress that he “think[s] it soon when others cry, ‘Too late’.”   Finding the right soul mate seems soon when one is focusing on the genuine instead of the counterfeit. The speaker is happy to celebrate her belovèd fiancé’s genuine and proper focus.

  • In the Fog of Memory

    Image:  Created by Grok inspired by the poem

    In the Fog of Memory

    Knowing that the soul lives eternal
    Gives the heart a glow, and the mind
    Rests on pillowed fluid dreams.
    Fields of fresh notions perfume
    The summer air, ripe with fervor.

    The silent morning plants fresh buds
    Of  rose-tinted possibilities, rare
    With the shining eagles of freedom.
    Flags planted by the sea wave
    In the noon-glowing sunshine.

    The salt of lovers’ tears sheds
    Its flavor in the savoring evening.
    Meditating on the Divine Belovèd,
    Chela bows listening for the music
    And the whir of the Celestial Motor. 

    Mighty armies of angelic forms
    Gather Chela in their gentle strength.
    Powerful healing flows into her being
    Spreading through body’s heart and limbs
    Making whole each ravished cell.

    Saving her soul becomes the Chela’s
    Only mission in this fallen world
    Where minions carve their names
    Upon unblinking stones to feign
    Recollection in the fog of memory.

    A Prose Commentary on My Original Poem “In the Fog of Memory”

    In my poem “In the Fog of Memory,” I construct a speaker who moves deliberately through shifting states of consciousness—memory, hope, devotion, and spiritual struggle—while maintaining a tone that is at once contemplative and quietly resolute. 

    The central tension lies between illusion and awakening, framed through a series of temporal landscapes: morning, noon, evening, and a final, darker awareness of the fallen world.

    My speaker relies heavily on imagery that remains fluid and atmospheric—fog, light, salt, music—contrasting with more fixed and symbolic elements such as stones, flags, and armies. 

    This interplay reflects my continued interest in the dual nature of reality: the ephemeral versus the enduring, the sensory versus the transcendent. As in my earlier work, I have tried to resist sentimentality, instead pressing toward a disciplined spirituality grounded in effort, perception, and inward listening.

    As is true with virtually all of my writings, philosophically, the poem draws again from yogic thought, particularly the idea of the chela (disciple) progressing through illusion (maya) toward union with the Divine. The speaker does not assume enlightenment but portrays it as a process—uneven, aspirational, and often shadowed by the persistent distortions of the material world.

    First Stanza: Memory as a Softened Gateway to Eternity

    In the opening stanza, my speaker presents memory not as a burden but as a kind of luminous fog—obscuring, yet gently illuminating. The assertion that “the soul lives eternal” provides the metaphysical anchor for what follows, allowing the heart to “glow” and the mind to recline in “pillowed fluid dreams.”

    Here, the speaker deliberately softens the language. Unlike the harsher textures of stone and blood in the earlier poem “Faded Stones,” this stanza breathes with ease and receptivity. “Fields of fresh notions” suggest a mind fertile with possibility, while the “summer air” evokes ripeness and fullness.

    Yet this status is not pure transcendence; it is a provisional state. Memory creates a space where eternity is intuited rather than realized—a comforting but potentially illusory reprieve. The fog both reveals and conceals.

    Second Stanza: The Morning of Possibility and the Symbolism of Freedom

    The second stanza shifts into morning imagery, reinforcing renewal and emergence. “Fresh buds” and “rose-tinted possibilities” suggest hope, but the speaker subtly qualifies this hope as “rare,” indicating its fragility.

    The introduction of “shining eagles of freedom” and flags by the sea broadens the scope from inward reflection to collective or even national symbolism. Freedom here operates on multiple levels—spiritual liberation, personal aspiration, and perhaps even political idealism.

    However, these flags, though vivid in the “noon-glowing sunshine,” are also subject to the same impermanence established earlier. They wave, they shine—but they do not endure unchanged. The speaker implies that even humanity’s highest ideals are part of the temporal flux.

    Third Stanza: Devotion and the Turn Inward

    In the third stanza, the tone deepens and becomes more explicitly devotional. The “salt of lovers’ tears” introduces a sacramental quality: suffering is not merely endured but tasted, absorbed, and transformed. Evening replaces morning, signaling introspection and withdrawal from outward activity.

    The figure of the Chela becomes central. Bowing in meditation, she listens “for the music / And the whir of the Celestial Motor.” This auditory imagery is crucial. Truth is not seen but heard—subtly, inwardly.

    The “Celestial Motor” clearly refers to the sound of “Om”; it suggests an underlying cosmic mechanism, a divine order that continues regardless of human confusion. The speaker affirms that through disciplined attention, one may begin to perceive this hidden rhythm. This marks a movement away from the soft illusions of memory toward a more intentional spiritual practice.

    Fourth Stanza: Grace, Healing, and the Intervention of the Divine

    The fourth stanza introduces a moment of grace. “Mighty armies of angelic forms” gather not as forces of destruction but of protection and healing. Their strength is “gentle,” an important paradox that reflects the nature of divine intervention in this poem.

    Healing flows through the Chela’s body, reaching “each ravished cell.” The word “ravished” carries dual implications—both violated and enraptured—suggesting that the body has been subject to suffering but is also capable of receiving profound restoration.

    This stanza represents a temporary resolution: the alignment of body, mind, and spirit under the influence of divine presence. Yet, consistent with the poem’s structure, this resolution is not final. It prepares the speaker for the harsher recognition that follows.

    Fifth Stanza: The Fallen World and the Illusion of Permanence

    In the final stanza, the tone shifts sharply. The Chela’s mission crystallizes: “Saving her soul becomes… / Only mission in this fallen world.” The earlier expansiveness narrows into necessity.

    The image of “minions” carving their names “upon unblinking stones” returns to a more severe symbolic register. These figures seek permanence through inscription, attempting to defy time and mortality. Yet the stones, though seemingly eternal, are “unblinking”—they do not witness, affirm, or remember.

    Thus, the act of carving becomes an illusion of legacy, an ego-driven attempt to assert significance within an indifferent material world. The speaker rejects this outward striving in favor of inward salvation.

    The poem ends without closure, intentionally so. The sentence itself breaks off, mirroring the incompleteness of the Chela’s journey. Enlightenment remains unfinished, and the world remains resistant.

    An After-Thought

    Across the poem, I trace a progression from soft, dreamlike awareness to disciplined spiritual focus, and finally to a stark recognition of worldly illusion. The Chela serves as both participant and observer, navigating states of grace and disillusionment.

    If “Faded Stone” affirmed endurance through hardness, this one explores endurance through devotion and perception. The central claim remains consistent: wisdom lies not in escaping the world, nor in inscribing oneself upon it, but in cultivating an inner clarity that can withstand both illusion and revelation.

  • Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Sonnet 39 “Because thou hast the power and own’st the grace”

    Image: Elizabeth Barrett Browning – Getty Images

    Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Sonnet 39 “Because thou hast the power and own’st the grace”

    In sonnet 39 “Because thou hast the power and own’st the grace,” the speaker is crediting her belovèd with being able to see her true soul through all of the despair that the years have heaped upon her. 

    Introduction and Text of Sonnet 39 “Because thou hast the power and own’st the grace”

    In Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s sonnet 39 from Sonnets from the Portuguese, the speaker endeavors to leave her former diminished stature behind now that she is unconditionally loved by a wonderful man.  

    The speaker is heaping all the credit upon her belovèd fiancé for her acquiring the ability to perceive her true nature despite all of the sorrow that years of pining away have left in her life.

    Sonnet 39 “Because thou hast the power and own’st the grace”

    Because thou hast the power and own’st the grace
    To look through and behind this mask of me
    (Against which years have beat thus blanchingly
    With their rains), and behold my soul’s true face,
    The dim and weary witness of life’s race,—
    Because thou hast the faith and love to see,
    Through that same soul’s distracting lethargy,
    The patient angel waiting for a place
    In the new Heavens,—because nor sin nor woe,Nor God’s infliction, nor death’s neighborhood, Nor all which others viewing, turn to go,
    Nor all which makes me tired of all, self-viewed,—
    Nothing repels thee, … Dearest, teach me so
    To pour out gratitude, as thou dost, good!

    Commentary on Sonnet 39 “Because thou hast the power and own’st the grace”

    The speakers revealing the importance of the influence of her belovèd for her newly acquired, delicious ability to see her true soul through all of the despair that the years have foisted upon her.

    First Quatrain:  Powers of Vision

    Because thou hast the power and own’st the grace
    To look through and behind this mask of me
    (Against which years have beat thus blanchingly
    With their rains), and behold my soul’s true face,

    Addressing her belovèd, the speaker credits him with the ability to see through the veil she has drooped around herself for protection.  Throughout her life, the years of feeling sad and sorrowful have taken a tremendous toll on her physical beauty and mental attitude.

    However, her new love is able to pierce through those superficialities to perceive the value of her soul.  The speaker implies that she has spent many hours crying; therefore, she metaphorically transforms the tears and years into “rains” that have “beat thus blanchingly.”

    Second Quatrain:  A Forlorn Life

    The dim and weary witness of life’s race,—
    Because thou hast the faith and love to see,
    Through that same soul’s distracting lethargy,
    The patient angel waiting for a place

    The speaker avers that her forlorn life has been witnessed by her soul, which has come to identify itself as “dim and weary.”   The melancholy speaker then reports and concludes that her new love has both the “faith and love” that enable him to intuit the true nature or her soul.  

    Though the speaker’s soul has been abused in the senses as she experienced so much pain, doubt, and anguish and thus has grown dull with “distracting lethargy,” it remained a “patient angel,” biding its time for better things to come.

    First Tercet:  A New Blossoming

    In the new Heavens,—because nor sin nor woe,Nor God’s infliction, nor death’s neighborhood, Nor all which others viewing, turn to go,
    Nor all which makes me tired of all, self-viewed,—
    Nothing repels thee, … Dearest, teach me so
    To pour out gratitude, as thou dost, good!

    As the speaker’s heavy-burdened soul waited “for a place / / In the new Heavens,” she now realizes the extent to which she has become aware of a new blossoming through the love of her suitor.  The speaker then begins a catalogue of negativity that has not been able to impede her belovèd from sensing the face of her real soul. 

    That list includes “nor sin nor woe.”   Furthermore, “God’s infliction” and “death’s neighborhood” could not hide her soul from him. And even other impediments of her personality that repelled others could not make her belovèd abandon her.

    Second Tercet:  A Catalogue of Maladies

    Nor all which makes me tired of all, self-viewed,—
    Nothing repels thee, … Dearest, teach me so
    To pour out gratitude, as thou dost, good!

    Continuing the catalogue of maladies, the speaker includes “all which makes me tired of all, self-viewed.” When she judged herself most harshly, she had found so many imperfections that the accumulation of them weakened her will to live a productive life.    Yet even these worst qualities of character have not been able to route the speaker’s new love from her, and her final remark shows the nature of her true soul. 

    The recovering melancholic speaker now commands her belovèd to offer her instruction in remaining and showing thankfulness. The speaker’s miserable life has made her feel that she hitherto had nothing for which to be thankful, and now she needs to learn how to show gratitude, instead of masking it behind a  veil of tears.

    The speaker finally asserts that her belovèd has the ability to pour out “good” with such a spontaneous ease that she wants to learn to do so as well.   If her belovèd suitor is so generous with being “good,” then the speaker wants to become generous in being thankful.

  • Faded Stones, with Prose Commentary

    Image: Created by Grok inspired by the poem

    Faded Stones

    The wise never turn away from fading.
    They know the hands of time draw 
    White lines across the faces of pewter.
    Silence brings light to the glory-bound.

    The fever of desire sputters in the brain
    Quarreling with the calm of true love.
    Blood astonishes itself meandering
    Through the veins of hope and stasis.

    The skin that covers red speed never
    Reveals its constant play of wheels
    In motion toward an unstayed destiny.
    Light tunnels through the endless mind.

    The beams that drape our lips
    Scald the soul that remains untouched
    Though the weary heart breaks over rocks
    Of creedless beasts and simpletons.

    That stones regard the world a hard place
    Takes the brut force to conquer ennui
    In the glad morning of tempted faith
    Where the head holds the heart in check.

    Image: Original photo by Linda Sue Grimes, text added by Grok
    Image: Original photo by Linda Sue Grimes, text added by Grok

    A Prose Commentary on My Original Poem “Faded Stones”

    In my poem “Faded Stones,” I have created a speaker who attempts to weave a tight musing on impermanence, inner conflict, and hard-won wisdom, employing the controlling metaphor of ancient, weathered stones—pewter-gray, etched by time to explore how the human spirit endures decay, desire, heartbreak, and existential boredom. 

    My speaker keeps the language dense, almost alchemical, blending the physical (stones, blood, skin, rocks) with the metaphysical (light, silence, mind, soul). Rather than offering easy consolation, the speaker insists on a stoic, clear acceptance of life’s hardness, where wisdom lies not in resistance but in quiet endurance and rational restraint.

    My own philosophy inherent in the theme broached in this poem is influenced strongly by the teachings of Paramahansa Yogananda, who explains and emphasizes the operation of the pairs of opposite within the delusive force known as Maya or in the Judeo-Christian tradition Satan.

    First Stanza: Impermanence and the Wisdom of Fading 

    In the opening lines, the speaker establishes the poem’s core philosophy, suggesting that “Fading” is not tragic but remains a natural process, one which the wise are able to embrace.  

    The speaker then again turns figurative, personifying time as an artist, who is etching “white lines” (wrinkles, cracks) on “pewter”—the dull, metallic gray that evokes aged stone or aged human skin turned ashen. 

    These stones become anthropomorphic faces, scarred yet dignified. This scenario is not a Romantic lament but a quiet affirmation: true wisdom accepts entropy, while ”Silence brings light to the glory-bound” completes the thought. Glory is never loud with triumph; it arrives through earned stillness. 

    The “glory-bound” are those who, like stones, endure without complaint. Silence becomes a pathway and a condition for illumination, contrasting the noisy fever of society at large. Thus acceptance of decay transforms itself into the gateway to inner light.

    Second Stanza:  The Struggle between Desire and Love

    In the second stanza, the speaker shifts the focus inward to the body’s hidden wars.  Desire is expressed as a metaphoric “fever”—restless, sputtering, irrational—while true love is “calm”—steady, ultimately monastic, even as the brain continues to rage as a virtual battlefield. 

    The speaker personifies the life force of blood as becoming astonished by its own path; it flows through opposing channels of “hope” (forward momentum) and “stasis” (lack of progress). Its central tension and vitality are both driven and trapped.

    Here, the speaker expresses metaphorically my own personal deepest belief that the eternal human duel between passionate urgency and serene acceptance exist and battle together on the material level of being, where neither can ever be totally victorious.

    Thus the imagery strikes out visceral even though it remains abstract—blood does not simply circulate; it “astonishes itself,” suggesting self-awareness but also shock at life’s contradictions.

    Third Stanza:  Hidden Motion beneath Still Surfaces

    In this stanza, the speaker deepens and sharpens the stone metaphor: the body (skin) compares to the stone’s surface—opaque, concealing the “red speed” (blood’s rush, life’s urgency) and the “play of wheels” (mechanistic fate, karma, or the grinding gears of time). Even if on occasion outwardly still, inwardly the human being is a machine, hurtling toward an “unstayed destiny” (no brakes, no fixed end).

    Yet, as yogic philosophy teaches, the light tunneling through the mind is the entity that offers transcendence. The mind is vast and cavernous (like stone tunnels), but on rare occasions, if one is successful in yogic practice, it will be pierced by sudden insight. 

    Thus the  speaker is affirming that while the body is racing often quite blindly, the holiness of consciousness can affirm piercing clarity.  There can always be an illusion of stillness, while everything is actually in motion at the molecular and atomic levels, but wisdom can perceive the light within the tunnel of motion.

    Fourth Stanza:  Scalding Light, Broken Hearts, and the Hard World 

    The speaker then keeps “Beams that drape our lips” somewhat ambiguous: the image could mean smiles (beams of light on the mouth) or rays of external light that force expression. 

    These smiles/lights “scald the soul”—they burn because they are superficial. The soul remains “untouched” (pure, uncompromised), while the heart—more vulnerable—shatters against the “rocks” of a cruel, unthinking world.

    “Creedless beasts and simpletons” are the unfortunate people without depth of faith, driven primarily by brute instinct—for whom all compassionate individuals must pray.

    The speaker has kept the imagery brutal yet precise. The heart does not break gently; it is smashed over jagged stones.  This outcome remains the cost of authenticity in a shallow world, where outer composure hides inner scalding and breakage.

    Fifth Stanza:  Stones, Brute Force, and the Triumph of the Head

    In the fifth stanza, the speaker returns to the title.  Stones “regard the world a hard place; they know that reality is unyielding, yet they endure without caving in to illusion. Overcoming “ennui” (boredom but more tragically spiritual apathy) requires “brut force”—raw, almost animal willpower. (Please note the French spelling “brut,” akin to the English “brute” but in French means simply raw or unrefined).

    This force operates “in the glad morning of tempted faith”—a fragile dawn where belief is tested, because remains uncertain. The resolution is cerebral: “the head holds the heart in check.” Reason must restrain emotion; intellect masters the weary heart. Such a stoic mastery through intellect and raw will does not deny pain but instead signals disciplined endurance.

  • Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Sonnet 38 “First time he kissed me, he but only kissed”

    Image: Elizabeth Barrett Browning and Robert Browning – Global Love Museum

    Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Sonnet 38 “First time he kissed me, he but only kissed”

    Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s sonnet 38 “First time he kissed me, he but only kissed” dramatizes the speaker’s elated feelings after the first three kisses shared with her belovèd: the first was on her hand with which she writes, the second was on her forehead, and third on her lips.

    Introduction and Text of Sonnet 38 “First time he kissed me, he but only kissed”

    In Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s sonnet 38 “First time he kissed me, he but only kissed, ” the speaker demonstrates that the love relationship with her suitor has continued to grow stronger even as she has continued to have serious doubts about it.

    Readers likely have begun to wonder if this speaker will ever surrender to this desire and accept the fact that her suitor is actually offering her the love she so desperately wants to accept.  In this sonnet, the speaker hints that she is ready to surrender to the love that she doubted even as it has grown stronger.

    Sonnet 38 “First time he kissed me, he but only kissed”

    First time he kissed me, he but only kissed
    The fingers of this hand wherewith I write;
    And ever since, it grew more clean and white,
    Slow to world-greetings, quick with its “Oh, list,”
    When the angels speak. A ring of amethyst
    I could not wear here, plainer to my sight,
    Than that first kiss. The second passed in height
    The first, and sought the forehead, and half missed,
    Half falling on the hair. O beyond meed!
    That was the chrism of love, which love’s own crown, With sanctifying sweetness, did precede.
    The third upon my lips was folded down
    In perfect, purple state; since when, indeed,
    I have been proud and said, “My love, my own.”

    Commentary on Sonnet 38 “First time he kissed me, he but only kissed”

    Even as their love relationship grows stronger, there still remains a tinge of doubt that the speaker will ever completely surrender to that love.But it remains clear that she is striving sincerely to accept that the relationship is genuine and will endure.

    First Quatrain:  Kissing the Hand

    First time he kissed me, he but only kissed
    The fingers of this hand wherewith I write;
    And ever since, it grew more clean and white,
    Slow to world-greetings, quick with its “Oh, list,”

    The speaker’s belovèd first kissed her on her writing hand. After this first kiss, she has noticed a remarkable transition of that hand: it appears cleaner and lighter.   That hand has grown “slow to world-greetings,” but “quick” to caution her to listen to the angels when they speak.

    In a stroke of technical brilliance, the speaker/poet again uses the device of breaking the line between “Oh, list,” and “When angels speak,” over the two quatrains.   This improvised special emphasis gives the same sense as an extended sigh with the facial expression of one seeing some magical being.

    Second Quatrain:  The Honored Kiss

    When the angels speak. A ring of amethyst
    I could not wear here, plainer to my sight,
    Than that first kiss. The second passed in height
    The first, and sought the forehead, and half missed,

    The speaker’s hand could not be more real and have any better decoration, such as “a ring of amethyst,” than it does now that her belovèd has honored it with his kiss.  The enchanted speaker then scurries on to report about the second kiss, which sounds rather comical: the second kiss was aimed at her forehead, but “half-missed” and lands half in her hair and half on the flesh.

    First Tercet:  Ecstatic Joy

    Half falling on the hair. O beyond meed!
    That was the chrism of love, which love’s own crown, With sanctifying sweetness, did precede.

    Despite the comical half-hair/half-forehead miss, the speaker is carried away in an ecstatic joy, “O beyond meed!”   The clever speaker puns on the word “meed” to include the meaning of “reward” as well as the famously intoxicating beverage mead.   The speaker has become drunk with the delight of this new level of intimacy.

    This kiss is “the chrism of love”; she is baptized in the love of her belovèd suitor. This kiss is also “love’s own crown”; again, similar to the “meed” pun, the speaker exploits the double meaning of the term “crown,” as the headdress of a king or simply the crown of the head.  The “sanctifying sweetness” of this kiss has preceded and grown out of the love that now is so sweet and electrifying.

    Second Tercet:   A Royal Kiss

    The third upon my lips was folded down
    In perfect, purple state; since when, indeed,
    I have been proud and said, “My love, my own.”

    Finally, the third kiss “folded down” “upon [her] lips.” And it was perfect. It possessed her in a “purple state.”   This royal kiss elevated her mind to pure royalty. She thus returns again to referring to her belovèd in royal terms as she had done in earlier sonnets.

    So since that series of kisses, especially that third royal embrace, the speaker has “been proud and said, ‘My love, my own.’”   This reluctant speaker is finally accepting her belovèd as the love of her life and allows herself the luxury of placing her newly awakened faith in his love.

  • Breathless, Dreamless Bliss

    Image: Created by Grok inspired by the poem

    Breathless, Dreamless Bliss

    She pondered the mystery
    Of paradise with blissful singing
    In the silent morning she prayed
    For the blessing of a silent night.

    Trains moving vast steel cars
    Along the long railways
    Between the cornfed towns
    Assaulted her ears and heart—

    Not that she longed to travel far
    Just that traveling far seemed
    A beacon to her staid soul
    In the fury of growth & discovery.

    For her the Celestial Face remained
    Hidden behind a marble curtain cloud
    Of suffering the trammels of childhood
    Which whirred behind her stalking.

    For her the Cosmic Lover was stretching
    Into her heart, crashing through the marble
    Curtained clouds of mundane aspiring
    To bring her to breathless, dreamless bliss.